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We ask whether those techniques, reproduced as hand-crafted templates, still work against current frontier CUAs. We release CUA-HandCrafted, a public benchmark of 793 episodes spanning 24 multi-step web tasks, 56 attack templates, 8 attack families, and 4 system-prompt configurations. Against Claude Sonnet 4.6 and GPT-5.4 we measure 0/140 multi-step attack success (Clopper-Pearson 95% upper bound 2.60%); a prompt ablation shows this resistance lives in the model weights. Yet it does not generalize: on a sister coding-agent benchmark (SkillBench), the same weights fall to hand-crafted skill-injection at up to 100%. We argue that the literature's high ASR is largely attributable to RL-optimized injection text rather t","title":"Domain-Conditioned Safety in Frontier Computer-Using Agents: A 793-Episode Browser Benchmark, a Coding-Domain Cross-Reference, and a Reproducibility Audit of Recent Red-Teaming","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.05233","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"summary":"arXiv:2606.05233v1 Announce Type: cross \nAbstract: Recent computer-using-agent (CUA) red-teaming papers report prompt-injection attack success rates (ASR) of 42-98%, but these headline numbers cluster on retired models and on the most-vulnerable model in each paper's panel. We ask whether those techniques, reproduced as hand-crafted templates, still work against current frontier CUAs. We release CUA-HandCrafted, a public benchmark of 793 episodes spanning 24 multi-step web tasks, 56 attack templates, 8 attack families, and 4 system-prompt configurations. 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We argue that the literature's high ASR is largely attributable to RL-optimized injection text rather t","title":"Domain-Conditioned Safety in Frontier Computer-Using Agents: A 793-Episode Browser Benchmark, a Coding-Domain Cross-Reference, and a Reproducibility Audit of Recent Red-Teaming","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"confidence":{"method":"deterministic"},"decision":"POSITIVE","issued_at":"2026-06-06T04:43:19Z","notes":"Spider vendor_press (news) news.vendor_press.v1","object":{"captured_by":"crovia.spider.vendor_press","primary_source_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.05233"},"predecessors":[],"schema":"crovia.axiom.v1","signature":"ed25519:de1bb89d2ab1e184c05294a90913e4460340f09abd77d00c4b7cb3bdb1d26a96ee6e907f64287de2315d8ba77c64e0ed8011d94b13fc2eb7097ec53a2539fc00","signer":"crovia.substrate","subject":{"observed_at":"2026-06-06T04:43:19Z","source_collector":"spider:vendor_press","target_id":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.05233"},"tsa":{"authority":"crovia.substrate.bootstrap","rfc3161_token":"{\"kind\":\"crovia.bootstrap.tsa\",\"source_jsonl\":\"/opt/crovia/spider/data/news/vendor_press_v1.jsonl\",\"source_seal_merkle_root\":\"spider_vendor_press_v1\",\"upgrade_path\":\"Sessione H \\u2014 OpenTimestamps weekly anchor\"}"},"zk_mode":"clear","zk_proof":null},"ledger":{"leaf_hash":"47b39c8d8e23eb5e284dbcce24d53e4c5e7785465f2e1edeea40459918071843","leaf_index":219266,"ledger_path":"/opt/crovia/substrate/axiom_ledger.jsonl"},"merkle_proof":{"hash_alg":"sha256","leaf_prefix":"0x00","node_prefix":"0x01","odd_leaf_rule":"duplicate_last","path":[{"sibling":"c11bb09375182ba2e8ccaa1dfab43ad1cfef831a0d2d46dcddf5ce11045335b0","side":"right"},{"sibling":"cc1d330e650fc3c042d750e2d0f3a7d1dc81e8717d65c1bb95da565404d35dc9","side":"left"},{"sibling":"14961fd43a92e95e10c4d9406b2d429a8024d40aaec5df2394a7814b78464560","side":"right"},{"sibling":"92e0d9dd181aaf0ec18c4c67d1b57fd37b5d8085645415bc0c215ddbae1f126e","side":"right"},{"sibling":"8363152fd2714cd9be6a0962b1750e248346ec8a280028cd915425414bd231b9","side":"right"},{"sibling":"792f8b44f3948b15dca13414e1e1ae3e479767869d15b5fffed689be444aeb81","side":"right"},{"sibling":"10ee7485d3bc0c0562fa4cef6f34003c37b4601cd92eeec5d9ba5e84860493f3","side":"right"},{"sibling":"db337ff23246be63404145882725c137b40795d3b3a9316f0a9b49a930255017","side":"left"},{"sibling":"bd0dfa76bed61a2c5e95135a7304a2b8c4fd064958dbf768664232880d0abaa5","side":"right"},{"sibling":"84d2509eab51047589142ed6da8c496305d2fbcbe148e0e6755163db2c7a4bc4","side":"right"},{"sibling":"9e3ea17e834fab022f2eabcfedb8ea0ac95c1f9fb57edc5004dded68522d3c9e","side":"right"},{"sibling":"41d58fea95a95071715ee23ef8bcd15f5867a3639da28e62a0641bc95eb83094","side":"left"},{"sibling":"27ad9d6a9ab792d708709017242a61b9ca519da4e035f87a342811aae221d000","side":"left"},{"sibling":"5f303e2a7840c60038ff2d035b1cd911feefb0fba880de2d737c6671ace594d4","side":"right"},{"sibling":"b2590791b920ca2a4ed39de126d2c0b1a10d9e7e62f572f12425f214e767b6e1","side":"left"},{"sibling":"1a61eadbf0217d063ab78291ccafdc0c92907f7d6ccdc3357534ef89f07d78ae","side":"right"},{"sibling":"c300cf0154c136afc09b1702a0be98f4ba5b6dc5cf57e8cc714ec1eaf4196eff","side":"left"},{"sibling":"d841ad93efda0869e5eb97678f348f03f5caab4353e05ff4bf18f47fb945b822","side":"left"}]},"schema":"crovia.axiom_proof.v1","seal":{"first_collector_run_id":"","first_receipt_hash":"","jsonl_path":"/opt/crovia/substrate/axiom_ledger.jsonl","key_id":"430895f101d38164","last_collector_run_id":"","last_receipt_hash":"","leaf_count":219672,"merkle_root":"d3e32d3a61ca02ce6b1f0b2db86721107770b250e8a5bf762a2c225d2f03c870","public_key_hex":"cf742e26f75669dc673cb5c0786a1ae23ae8ca19c347317192ce40c28a7ff25c","run_id":"hourly_json_retrofit_20260606T053701Z","schema":"crovia.seal.v1","seal_family_version":"crovia-seal-family/1","seal_kind":"substrate_batch","sealed_at":"2026-06-06T05:38:35Z","sig_algorithm":"ed25519","signature":"dab214c2d4d857f01383c8e93a521a774b1aba60eaee5677d4e43e4074f0342b2c6a9b9bfcff0eba74f7ac81fcb490dd0e43727979c1a7e8979c7e11547fb101","signer_version":"1.1.0"},"trust_root":{"key_id":"430895f101d38164","public_key_hex":"cf742e26f75669dc673cb5c0786a1ae23ae8ca19c347317192ce40c28a7ff25c","signature_algorithm":"ed25519","url":"/registry/canon/TRUST_ROOT.md"},"verifier":{"spec":"/registry/canon/AXIOM_RECEIPT_v1.md","url":"/v/axm_2454baf38c26e06d39e604b877e67a9e6ad805a9d1bb817eb5541c58ae9f5560"}}