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Many educators do not object to LLM use \\emph{per~se}; what they need to detect is the case in which a student pastes the assignment prompt into a chatbot and submits the model's reply verbatim, without engaging with the work. Existing post-hoc AI-text detectors remain unreliable and have been shown to penalise non-native English writers, while output-side watermarks require cooperation from the model provider. We propose an alternative that the educator controls directly: an input-side watermark in which an invisible instruction is embedded inside the visible assignment prompt itself. An LLM that ingests the prompt verbatim quietly reads the hidden instruction and writes a tell-tale signature into its reply, exposing the copy-and-paste pathway speci","title":"Detecting Verbatim LLM Copy-Paste in Homework","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.16336","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"summary":"arXiv:2605.16336v1 Announce Type: cross \nAbstract: Large language models (LLMs) have made fluent essay writing, code drafting, and quiz answering instantly available to students at every level, from secondary school through graduate study. Many educators do not object to LLM use \\emph{per~se}; what they need to detect is the case in which a student pastes the assignment prompt into a chatbot and submits the model's reply verbatim, without engaging with the work. Existing post-hoc AI-text detectors remain unreliable and have been shown to penalise non-native English writers, while output-side watermarks require cooperation from the model provider. We propose an alternative that the educator controls directly: an input-side watermark in which an invisible instruction is embedded inside the visible assignment prompt itself. An LLM that ingests the prompt verbatim quietly reads the hidden instruction and writes a tell-tale signature into its reply, exposing the copy-and-paste pathway speci","title":"Detecting Verbatim LLM Copy-Paste in Homework","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"confidence":{"method":"deterministic"},"decision":"POSITIVE","issued_at":"2026-05-19T04:43:36Z","notes":"Spider vendor_press (news) news.vendor_press.v1","object":{"captured_by":"crovia.spider.vendor_press","primary_source_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.16336"},"predecessors":[],"schema":"crovia.axiom.v1","signature":"ed25519:6e1b6ef5216343e44cd170cbdc930957a73f57319597aa7d8fe58ea80ac31a3f323b1453581f974290d9c73ff955fe6611ebd072495072c3e1144a9058fb0d02","signer":"crovia.substrate","subject":{"observed_at":"2026-05-19T04:43:36Z","source_collector":"spider:vendor_press","target_id":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.16336"},"tsa":{"authority":"crovia.substrate.bootstrap","rfc3161_token":"{\"kind\":\"crovia.bootstrap.tsa\",\"source_jsonl\":\"/opt/crovia/spider/data/news/vendor_press_v1.jsonl\",\"source_seal_merkle_root\":\"spider_vendor_press_v1\",\"upgrade_path\":\"Sessione H \\u2014 OpenTimestamps weekly anchor\"}"},"zk_mode":"clear","zk_proof":null},"ledger":{"leaf_hash":"791a484e1b434b0e4ea88815e1162ee173713c214f7ac2f2dd933e63b84d9fde","leaf_index":142530,"ledger_path":"/opt/crovia/substrate/axiom_ledger.jsonl"},"merkle_proof":{"hash_alg":"sha256","leaf_prefix":"0x00","node_prefix":"0x01","odd_leaf_rule":"duplicate_last","path":[{"sibling":"83cda3aeed0a24867c516ad6ace62bcceacbbae219f12881660dfeeeb03eea3a","side":"right"},{"sibling":"6582c93e72c4abc8b312f1934670083b4a4bbf2be2e5b0b693d84f8a4daa3b17","side":"left"},{"sibling":"40a85dc19a8e8b311811bb88740a8a0b67231c8f6408505d6765171733460c82","side":"right"},{"sibling":"d5a5338adc2f911c40378b7f5f6d781cfc1bee46e1889e4939a4a97220d2323c","side":"right"},{"sibling":"e8d30d3487cc69e02a3925729f45b1521524072024659e9bfdafe246281660c4","side":"right"},{"sibling":"9cb1da04a411e32437689594a3b0359c105c6634a3befd18d0d93bfeb19cc928","side":"right"},{"sibling":"7426c18eeb9fd7697a26358f29e8aebbe019055d57bd88cf3f15b69289e75bd9","side":"left"},{"sibling":"fb0c5016a320d9b8a5cadece4783693f5f57854143a494aef80e914b671404d1","side":"left"},{"sibling":"bbd9a0327a91b5df2093631f9bf2665ba64be214117a6f2060ca0e6e4c6bf27d","side":"right"},{"sibling":"2e0ce989d789c88e796991ef014ce7e4e1f96c0d4ede9da8d31afcf5ba6a8f46","side":"right"},{"sibling":"202f1bead178ef3785968d50d3d188264a95192a077654c331612e04a34cbfbe","side":"left"},{"sibling":"72249c8c8b068386e35d16f4bd0bbeb9ba820ca217ef0f0d28396c9fe493f5f0","side":"left"},{"sibling":"ea64599340f7ffdf17ad0cbc1d9401ef8870a347e3847bdc106d06b1673df09c","side":"right"},{"sibling":"8f4c0fbe56b6c010fbb8c782ebcd478079bb3f991d8704e2534209a075d9163c","side":"left"},{"sibling":"4db1f363729507e27a60851cf6ed334d7b9acdef194ed7d419aba4d2bd367a4a","side":"right"},{"sibling":"a86ee18c45e7fcc408b6007eaece05aa75b2d9ae30252e9e878462b4dffbef7b","side":"right"},{"sibling":"1d18e7663d43ccff0122ecc7ee12645bb16afb607b218e81b1ea2408f863cb78","side":"right"},{"sibling":"d841ad93efda0869e5eb97678f348f03f5caab4353e05ff4bf18f47fb945b822","side":"left"}]},"schema":"crovia.axiom_proof.v1","seal":{"first_collector_run_id":"","first_receipt_hash":"","jsonl_path":"/opt/crovia/substrate/axiom_ledger.jsonl","key_id":"430895f101d38164","last_collector_run_id":"","last_receipt_hash":"","leaf_count":143302,"merkle_root":"999156d40a7c61d9ddd52b7338f3cbda3e68f53bace070c7b616ea194e23b123","public_key_hex":"cf742e26f75669dc673cb5c0786a1ae23ae8ca19c347317192ce40c28a7ff25c","run_id":"hourly_json_retrofit_20260519T053701Z","schema":"crovia.seal.v1","seal_family_version":"crovia-seal-family/1","seal_kind":"substrate_batch","sealed_at":"2026-05-19T05:37:30Z","sig_algorithm":"ed25519","signature":"b1a252cc66ff32bed1d10dd88a6b2a200e3856d3dbcfcc4ee55e02e00f3d548e854ed9c544704b222bd5d315492c4a935ba2d90d727c585a67899b0ad602fc05","signer_version":"1.1.0"},"trust_root":{"key_id":"430895f101d38164","public_key_hex":"cf742e26f75669dc673cb5c0786a1ae23ae8ca19c347317192ce40c28a7ff25c","signature_algorithm":"ed25519","url":"/registry/canon/TRUST_ROOT.md"},"verifier":{"spec":"/registry/canon/AXIOM_RECEIPT_v1.md","url":"/v/axm_298e6122fb974088f57ff08e01fe0fd29a974663f4c98f94ab238a6afd95da63"}}