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Reports from large technology companies showed that around 20% to 30% of their code are generated by LLMs. However, there remains skepticism about the practical usage of LLM-generated code and comments, such as concerns on more time for debugging the generated code and the unnaturalness of the generated comments. In this paper, we study the code and comments detected as likely to be generated by LLMs and their characteristics, the differences between company- and community-maintained repositories, and how likely bugs are associated with LLM-generated code. We conduct extensive experiments on active company- and community-maintained repositories from 2021 to 2025 using various tools and techniques that detect code and comments generated by LLMs. Based on our detector-based proxy analysis, the results suggest tha","title":"An Exploratory Study on LLM-Generated Code and Comments in Code Repositories","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.01867","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"summary":"arXiv:2607.01867v1 Announce Type: cross \nAbstract: The use of LLMs in software development has become increasingly widespread on tasks such as code generation and summarization. Reports from large technology companies showed that around 20% to 30% of their code are generated by LLMs. However, there remains skepticism about the practical usage of LLM-generated code and comments, such as concerns on more time for debugging the generated code and the unnaturalness of the generated comments. In this paper, we study the code and comments detected as likely to be generated by LLMs and their characteristics, the differences between company- and community-maintained repositories, and how likely bugs are associated with LLM-generated code. We conduct extensive experiments on active company- and community-maintained repositories from 2021 to 2025 using various tools and techniques that detect code and comments generated by LLMs. Based on our detector-based proxy analysis, the results suggest tha","title":"An Exploratory Study on LLM-Generated Code and Comments in Code Repositories","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"confidence":{"method":"deterministic"},"decision":"POSITIVE","issued_at":"2026-07-03T04:43:38Z","notes":"Spider vendor_press (news) news.vendor_press.v1","object":{"captured_by":"crovia.spider.vendor_press","primary_source_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.01867"},"predecessors":[],"schema":"crovia.axiom.v1","signature":"ed25519:36ed57406c8eb0e78b29984c6c9b7609b4c4f91c9105812511967b38d019f5b6d15f05276b646796e535a99968b9765211bfab7abb7df7137fac0ff667ee5106","signer":"crovia.substrate","subject":{"observed_at":"2026-07-03T04:43:38Z","source_collector":"spider:vendor_press","target_id":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.01867"},"tsa":{"authority":"crovia.substrate.bootstrap","rfc3161_token":"{\"kind\":\"crovia.bootstrap.tsa\",\"source_jsonl\":\"/opt/crovia/spider/data/news/vendor_press_v1.jsonl\",\"source_seal_merkle_root\":\"spider_vendor_press_v1\",\"upgrade_path\":\"Sessione H \\u2014 OpenTimestamps weekly anchor\"}"},"zk_mode":"clear","zk_proof":null},"ledger":{"leaf_hash":"cc184e1905581013ae8c4d5b68d5d4093a43b427206c46c5be4fff37cc13d1e4","leaf_index":275494,"ledger_path":"/opt/crovia/substrate/axiom_ledger.jsonl"},"merkle_proof":{"hash_alg":"sha256","leaf_prefix":"0x00","node_prefix":"0x01","odd_leaf_rule":"duplicate_last","path":[{"sibling":"23b3d83b027a14ad97e8efeb6535042c7911c4833c76ad2e98d153dadc837b1f","side":"right"},{"sibling":"e274d1fc3def3d64fd737d9bef40eeece1fdc1dc770cd44e93bafe20c3caa8bd","side":"left"},{"sibling":"8daf33aa43536b5a4ac3f105936974f6ea8769a18732592c91d932019c4069ed","side":"left"},{"sibling":"2ad4d8de1f41402a020b14fd9a2e4a4e79ba7e539790d6460a8b9554bcbdef8d","side":"right"},{"sibling":"9011fe77d72a38539fe951c945c20561019eddae0378cc7fd083c40f846dee91","side":"right"},{"sibling":"bf055dc6bc98090188a5c873438b65f244a5435151825dbe6fb9112c6ea00b95","side":"left"},{"sibling":"2284ba9d3dd74b37a7d6fc2e010bfb5c1b41ccf53af38b7b3ace1fe0776fd6a5","side":"right"},{"sibling":"5e5c8e8db37d5481fef0ead807ae94ad0195c7ae0cf92622f52c3dec100a7e16","side":"right"},{"sibling":"da9343635b180d3ddf07636b2a7814fcbf809adc1979958fa092ef6d16ef0db5","side":"right"},{"sibling":"1685b068d9bba0447845c97429c2a9ba728526abe2dc9d9522fed7b13d6620e4","side":"right"},{"sibling":"cf1e47b22a12b71fda307cbe1b98bc247fa4226ac8691ca8d99e6cc72a905b34","side":"left"},{"sibling":"4dbd8247ba08a5432c7d6540711da9acb2f59e6189865aa8552dee37f69286a9","side":"right"},{"sibling":"41cd1885dc3fcb51e49eeb887d6d22ec2cfa58df0e4f8d7c7dddf3a1b0ce8249","side":"left"},{"sibling":"8a09562f6b247c1c3cd1fea36cb3b8f1cf5c575479dd514573856a380a964bf5","side":"left"},{"sibling":"723981908169653ca6d835aa9b8381a8c7ad3e3e3830d0792bc32032cda615ee","side":"right"},{"sibling":"c0594fa1ee81d5f019cccc7b5e51af603c6d7e43995498c451012060c7d06165","side":"right"},{"sibling":"4de6a2fb22efbb50c84dc62abeb0f2cbc8c663a9540aeba9e758ebfdfe3e86dd","side":"right"},{"sibling":"fdbb3519f8dc411a4043dfb5abdbfea5441e130326183ac2247c42584033f152","side":"right"},{"sibling":"1cecb7f447febd025aac272837c80de218aecc6485d2395a509b2a1f1b9c746e","side":"left"}]},"schema":"crovia.axiom_proof.v1","seal":{"first_collector_run_id":"","first_receipt_hash":"","jsonl_path":"/opt/crovia/substrate/axiom_ledger.jsonl","key_id":"430895f101d38164","last_collector_run_id":"","last_receipt_hash":"","leaf_count":275799,"merkle_root":"2581d0d6e5fa345cdf2e8ab3b191ace76d6b14189901ab0e4c2291ca1d1ae1e6","public_key_hex":"cf742e26f75669dc673cb5c0786a1ae23ae8ca19c347317192ce40c28a7ff25c","run_id":"hourly_json_retrofit_20260703T053701Z","schema":"crovia.seal.v1","seal_family_version":"crovia-seal-family/1","seal_kind":"substrate_batch","sealed_at":"2026-07-03T05:38:09Z","sig_algorithm":"ed25519","signature":"e44a386a5ae00c0e7fc67b1179bb9060bf0fefc006e454fec70e27668182ff497d1e2faf0c3b22de0917beefb7c80e880dae925a3f67e1b16aa0eb44bf947407","signer_version":"1.1.0"},"trust_root":{"key_id":"430895f101d38164","public_key_hex":"cf742e26f75669dc673cb5c0786a1ae23ae8ca19c347317192ce40c28a7ff25c","signature_algorithm":"ed25519","url":"/registry/canon/TRUST_ROOT.md"},"verifier":{"spec":"/registry/canon/AXIOM_RECEIPT_v1.md","url":"/v/axm_35967280e2e959ff65f188d30bf7e70d9dac9a93099ac1e3692978899f03044d"}}