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This failure mode, recently described as mirage (mirage2026), is especially concerning in medical and document VQA, where a plausible but visually ungrounded answer may be mistaken for image-based evidence. We study the complementary problem of pre-release mirage detection: given an image-question pair, determine whether the VLM should answer or abstain before generation. To that end, we propose a novel model-agnostic Text-Conditioned Layer-wise Internal Alignment (TC-LIA) method that probes patch-token representations across the layers of a CLIP ViT-H/14 vision encoder. The key idea is to project layer-wise image patch tokens into the final CLIP embedding space and measure their similarity with the question embedding, thereby tracking whether question-relevant visual evidenc","title":"Detect Before You Leap: Mirage Detection in Vision-Language Models","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.00435","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"summary":"arXiv:2606.00435v2 Announce Type: replace-cross \nAbstract: Vision-language models (VLMs) can produce confident visual answers even when the required visual evidence is missing, blank, or unrelated to the question. This failure mode, recently described as mirage (mirage2026), is especially concerning in medical and document VQA, where a plausible but visually ungrounded answer may be mistaken for image-based evidence. We study the complementary problem of pre-release mirage detection: given an image-question pair, determine whether the VLM should answer or abstain before generation. To that end, we propose a novel model-agnostic Text-Conditioned Layer-wise Internal Alignment (TC-LIA) method that probes patch-token representations across the layers of a CLIP ViT-H/14 vision encoder. The key idea is to project layer-wise image patch tokens into the final CLIP embedding space and measure their similarity with the question embedding, thereby tracking whether question-relevant visual evidenc","title":"Detect Before You Leap: Mirage Detection in Vision-Language Models","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"confidence":{"method":"deterministic"},"decision":"POSITIVE","issued_at":"2026-06-16T04:43:43Z","notes":"Spider vendor_press (news) news.vendor_press.v1","object":{"captured_by":"crovia.spider.vendor_press","primary_source_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.00435"},"predecessors":[],"schema":"crovia.axiom.v1","signature":"ed25519:15bdf2c4605ccf04d17d3f16a7ce03e45cd46afa10cf4974b9148f6e85e52369bc8d8b008aa3802f974dca04cd03504306b614439de86b170119f09784fbd10e","signer":"crovia.substrate","subject":{"observed_at":"2026-06-16T04:43:43Z","source_collector":"spider:vendor_press","target_id":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.00435"},"tsa":{"authority":"crovia.substrate.bootstrap","rfc3161_token":"{\"kind\":\"crovia.bootstrap.tsa\",\"source_jsonl\":\"/opt/crovia/spider/data/news/vendor_press_v1.jsonl\",\"source_seal_merkle_root\":\"spider_vendor_press_v1\",\"upgrade_path\":\"Sessione H \\u2014 OpenTimestamps weekly anchor\"}"},"zk_mode":"clear","zk_proof":null},"ledger":{"leaf_hash":"45d54005bd0ed32871872c773869592d5597f0c182388112b07821c4d6234f8c","leaf_index":230811,"ledger_path":"/opt/crovia/substrate/axiom_ledger.jsonl"},"merkle_proof":{"hash_alg":"sha256","leaf_prefix":"0x00","node_prefix":"0x01","odd_leaf_rule":"duplicate_last","path":[{"sibling":"e773a25cbb2fbe15342fc493c0b72a5026c1374c20459cb03dee585ee4f12bc0","side":"left"},{"sibling":"86a7d84196eb42d0561213b7d85a59500c9b5b545350152a0bb37977937c395e","side":"left"},{"sibling":"223de4ec7345aa268d3e944887bfd2dd9329ac16e5d441a78b7d83e94909b079","side":"right"},{"sibling":"935e45a9fd3452611c1a7da8bc2de97860f65a340238185720cfdc1f4e2af957","side":"left"},{"sibling":"a5f10f1663f6f0a8bb6d8a9857f675f882efdaeeab315b8d13a0f00ed7b66985","side":"left"},{"sibling":"50cea08126ed287e5b3dabf840943d6e26e8d65f18682db9216cfe605e535ddd","side":"right"},{"sibling":"90464f4409b029e1dcd77d11d8047eceacd4ba933aa7e3d9aa763297dec7367d","side":"right"},{"sibling":"46f3925bb1c995570704f74c45315769d7303b87cc2d1f176bed247b9cc9fdad","side":"left"},{"sibling":"ee59602dad0bf74c97a32a93f0a1a19e7a12f2800791988a6fdf35611febe031","side":"left"},{"sibling":"0c5669692381d605223c74b8d30f70cd308e77e33d5e40ea84bb7b4f84f2d4d9","side":"right"},{"sibling":"d5b9f8b1a2c9f6a46e17982dfbe6ce1f3b5fa4e730220397f2253d114dcc8486","side":"left"},{"sibling":"d10d772a4984cae00e65ab24af21d1d260e475bbaae3f17871859eb705bd3999","side":"right"},{"sibling":"e79159853f2f35ddae8e3247d515e433c534277b287d65bbd77ae989aa4992fa","side":"right"},{"sibling":"3054319f1840cce0eaaf0bc4b1ae38e5bf8b6210927d924a750775cc7d77cca6","side":"right"},{"sibling":"0fd8b5059f279c4a4a6688de2472fdbc25543fee183df19b21dacca880354cff","side":"right"},{"sibling":"a04392fb9f2a3a620840e3b3fecd93d12e6d224e481c162389d8ae64e7194599","side":"left"},{"sibling":"c300cf0154c136afc09b1702a0be98f4ba5b6dc5cf57e8cc714ec1eaf4196eff","side":"left"},{"sibling":"d841ad93efda0869e5eb97678f348f03f5caab4353e05ff4bf18f47fb945b822","side":"left"}]},"schema":"crovia.axiom_proof.v1","seal":{"first_collector_run_id":"","first_receipt_hash":"","jsonl_path":"/opt/crovia/substrate/axiom_ledger.jsonl","key_id":"430895f101d38164","last_collector_run_id":"","last_receipt_hash":"","leaf_count":232015,"merkle_root":"62bfb7809bb55667ad7eeebdb48267b9b2c1ee89bb808ea1e6d3a814a15aa402","public_key_hex":"cf742e26f75669dc673cb5c0786a1ae23ae8ca19c347317192ce40c28a7ff25c","run_id":"hourly_json_retrofit_20260617T133701Z","schema":"crovia.seal.v1","seal_family_version":"crovia-seal-family/1","seal_kind":"substrate_batch","sealed_at":"2026-06-17T13:39:59Z","sig_algorithm":"ed25519","signature":"930a3563c643cc7518d048b12a1f5392a96a5edce49533ba0a56f11b6cc69319bb1c800aacc46b52a6941c4d05dae255a45cac757d6093c971b96852c24f140e","signer_version":"1.1.0"},"trust_root":{"key_id":"430895f101d38164","public_key_hex":"cf742e26f75669dc673cb5c0786a1ae23ae8ca19c347317192ce40c28a7ff25c","signature_algorithm":"ed25519","url":"/registry/canon/TRUST_ROOT.md"},"verifier":{"spec":"/registry/canon/AXIOM_RECEIPT_v1.md","url":"/v/axm_3a315441f4c7a81609807af43f0dfdafb8fb5940ae716c9bc96a62572cba7e4e"}}