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Drawing on Holmstr\\\"om's team moral-hazard model, we introduce the Dialogue Moral Hazard Game, a controlled textual game that operationalizes this hidden-action structure for language agents. In each episode, an agent can preserve an immediate local reward or pay a query cost to reveal a hidden safety fact that primarily helps another agent's downstream decision. We evaluate seven open-weight language models and decompose behavior into query use, realized information transfer, local-reward preservation, unsafe choice, format validity, and team success. Base models commonly preserve local reward without team success or query without communicating information that changes the final decision. We then use supervised fine-tuning, RLOO, sequential SFT+RLOO, and GEPA prompt optimization as diagnostic update mechanisms. Their effects ar","title":"Moral Hazard in Multi-Agent Language Models","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.23982","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"summary":"arXiv:2607.23982v1 Announce Type: cross \nAbstract: Cooperation can fail when socially valuable effort is costly, weakly observable, and mainly benefits others. Drawing on Holmstr\\\"om's team moral-hazard model, we introduce the Dialogue Moral Hazard Game, a controlled textual game that operationalizes this hidden-action structure for language agents. In each episode, an agent can preserve an immediate local reward or pay a query cost to reveal a hidden safety fact that primarily helps another agent's downstream decision. We evaluate seven open-weight language models and decompose behavior into query use, realized information transfer, local-reward preservation, unsafe choice, format validity, and team success. Base models commonly preserve local reward without team success or query without communicating information that changes the final decision. We then use supervised fine-tuning, RLOO, sequential SFT+RLOO, and GEPA prompt optimization as diagnostic update mechanisms. 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