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This mismatch undermines evaluation validity: retrievers can be unfairly undervalued even when they retrieve documents that provide sufficient evidence, because redundancy across documents is not accounted for in evaluation. On the other hand, retrievers that perform well on standard benchmarks often generalize poorly to real-world corpora with highly similar and redundant documents. We present RARE (Redundancy-Aware Retrieval Evaluation), a framework for constructing realistic benchmarks by (i) decomposing documents into atomic facts to enable precise redundancy tracking and (ii) enhancing LLM-based data generation with CRRF.","title":"RARE: Redundancy-Aware Retrieval Evaluation Framework for High-Similarity Corpora","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.19047","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"summary":"arXiv:2604.19047v2 Announce Type: replace-cross \nAbstract: Existing QA benchmarks typically assume distinct documents with minimal overlap, yet real-world retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems operate on corpora such as financial reports, legal codes, and patents, where information is highly redundant and documents exhibit strong inter-document similarity. This mismatch undermines evaluation validity: retrievers can be unfairly undervalued even when they retrieve documents that provide sufficient evidence, because redundancy across documents is not accounted for in evaluation. On the other hand, retrievers that perform well on standard benchmarks often generalize poorly to real-world corpora with highly similar and redundant documents. We present RARE (Redundancy-Aware Retrieval Evaluation), a framework for constructing realistic benchmarks by (i) decomposing documents into atomic facts to enable precise redundancy tracking and (ii) enhancing LLM-based data generation with CRRF.","title":"RARE: Redundancy-Aware Retrieval Evaluation Framework for High-Similarity Corpora","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"confidence":{"method":"deterministic"},"decision":"POSITIVE","issued_at":"2026-07-01T04:43:38Z","notes":"Spider vendor_press (news) news.vendor_press.v1","object":{"captured_by":"crovia.spider.vendor_press","primary_source_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.19047"},"predecessors":[],"schema":"crovia.axiom.v1","signature":"ed25519:31f5381cc488157b3f8ba80d94a265991d534a14ebf386c363030aa2b058c01866ddd646be4e1d1f2bddf897f18c4bf966f193ac0e4e36063ab079d3ba5bae03","signer":"crovia.substrate","subject":{"observed_at":"2026-07-01T04:43:38Z","source_collector":"spider:vendor_press","target_id":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.19047"},"tsa":{"authority":"crovia.substrate.bootstrap","rfc3161_token":"{\"kind\":\"crovia.bootstrap.tsa\",\"source_jsonl\":\"/opt/crovia/spider/data/news/vendor_press_v1.jsonl\",\"source_seal_merkle_root\":\"spider_vendor_press_v1\",\"upgrade_path\":\"Sessione H \\u2014 OpenTimestamps weekly anchor\"}"},"zk_mode":"clear","zk_proof":null},"ledger":{"leaf_hash":"289898753953efece2d3fa73941fbb419760e10ea8a000205e27f32a2c56e696","leaf_index":268712,"ledger_path":"/opt/crovia/substrate/axiom_ledger.jsonl"},"merkle_proof":{"hash_alg":"sha256","leaf_prefix":"0x00","node_prefix":"0x01","odd_leaf_rule":"duplicate_last","path":[{"sibling":"ef547a358cc3e1051b09c4d4aef99f56f323218b8d0ef2d1d7e266f8c21f633f","side":"right"},{"sibling":"201565ef74919b8db15046323d996efc55db7d4f05a692be32f1fcae82abf0be","side":"right"},{"sibling":"6b2156d4f696f58091aae636e2d04d15d4001cdfcd178c311a51de37a9c9f9fc","side":"right"},{"sibling":"42d16bad4f7c2800e3e3accea93b27a8ad5a1a8d02585cbc8b1f9af8ca3e2d98","side":"left"},{"sibling":"d9b873370c92e4dc69826859ea55f9515cd72414e290a0e766255ee3ffed8394","side":"right"},{"sibling":"7a1f969ec5b4bf9f076acec001dab3c248a82031e6ffe639dc95059da328f9e9","side":"left"},{"sibling":"4b40722a8676aba99a1cededb6270927be9c50d0f94c30aa826fa53a7a32b4a6","side":"right"},{"sibling":"58c3799598a549d54786b91e80a9c8daea4edcb3c27437b6b16ccadf6dc2889e","side":"left"},{"sibling":"4b14e8ccae46b588748944ffaf410222f66cebc2ac58d936cbe16847b7be9508","side":"left"},{"sibling":"bbd9a20451913e8c7b910f616d5661d9b281a94af70d201ba50b3112d429521b","side":"right"},{"sibling":"85af80e45748c1e0da1e2f42d9d66da8996016888a034f20eb17ff0a73b69eab","side":"right"},{"sibling":"4575fde969d1d9a2984cc01a37ac8441238f74527d42874272dc5582dadebb4f","side":"left"},{"sibling":"f536de281672cbf0b583a3dc46faef1de2823b72bd9265c7b60e889131cc268d","side":"left"},{"sibling":"95b8b0f67237052a17c41fa8cbdce2b79bcb5aeeba3fdb239d4c4497e598115d","side":"right"},{"sibling":"c2f351f771cee329448890504d9436792ba482e50250ca9a19289311131f96c8","side":"right"},{"sibling":"c39bfb2e911ca37ae997690bfc04128ae32e6806ee1cb3908781a7e6685022a0","side":"right"},{"sibling":"a101b4c60ef6854ac3d750eef02d8e2e06c153284b5ecb7111302f97eb129797","side":"right"},{"sibling":"eae2a3de5cb35455ad60125e196cfadaba8a590c53146e95028469f53f70349c","side":"right"},{"sibling":"1cecb7f447febd025aac272837c80de218aecc6485d2395a509b2a1f1b9c746e","side":"left"}]},"schema":"crovia.axiom_proof.v1","seal":{"first_collector_run_id":"","first_receipt_hash":"","jsonl_path":"/opt/crovia/substrate/axiom_ledger.jsonl","key_id":"430895f101d38164","last_collector_run_id":"","last_receipt_hash":"","leaf_count":268860,"merkle_root":"d098f25810d0569730b6c0e170d57f329a70359d483b47874b5f2fc51d23de65","public_key_hex":"cf742e26f75669dc673cb5c0786a1ae23ae8ca19c347317192ce40c28a7ff25c","run_id":"hourly_json_retrofit_20260701T053701Z","schema":"crovia.seal.v1","seal_family_version":"crovia-seal-family/1","seal_kind":"substrate_batch","sealed_at":"2026-07-01T05:38:05Z","sig_algorithm":"ed25519","signature":"64f37f0e3df0556baa55b924a736cab8005643fa0ab65b503f22407de30eab293e6e0bd62904270fda38d05084bb350c8c0d0aadb2c5a6bae5f1c54598e6d30c","signer_version":"1.1.0"},"trust_root":{"key_id":"430895f101d38164","public_key_hex":"cf742e26f75669dc673cb5c0786a1ae23ae8ca19c347317192ce40c28a7ff25c","signature_algorithm":"ed25519","url":"/registry/canon/TRUST_ROOT.md"},"verifier":{"spec":"/registry/canon/AXIOM_RECEIPT_v1.md","url":"/v/axm_9605eba645d7c9c7f4367cc964b211934eb34048b16ea8683790c13f7e5ef738"}}