{"_canonicalization":{"envelope_id":"axm_ + sha256(envelope minus {signature, axiom_id, anchors})","envelope_signature":"ed25519(envelope minus {signature, axiom_id})","json":"sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False, allow_nan=False, utf-8","leaf_hash":"sha256(0x00 || canonical_json(envelope_full))","seal_signature":"ed25519(seal minus {signature, sig_algorithm})"},"axiom_id":"axm_97cfeb11e53fa5199048c4fb7b97ac42fa780097ad0b595979a6b08c66b8291d","bitcoin_anchor":{"bitcoin_attestations":[],"calendar_attestations":[],"ots_url":"","stamped_at":"","status":"pending_next_stamp"},"envelope":{"anchors":[{"chain":"crovia.axiom_graph","height":0,"merkle_proof":"spider_vendor_press_v1","root_at_anchor":"spider_vendor_press_v1"}],"axiom_id":"axm_97cfeb11e53fa5199048c4fb7b97ac42fa780097ad0b595979a6b08c66b8291d","axiom_type":"AX.OBS","body":{"axiom_subtype":"news.vendor_press.v1","category":"news","fingerprint":"878bd7d5af5e92eb68cb2f42563610eb81c99fe7084572515f8f265275b3433a","published":"Wed, 20 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400","receipt_hash":"878bd7d5af5e92eb68cb2f42563610eb81c99fe7084572515f8f265275b3433a","schema":"spider.news.vendor_press.v1","spider":"vendor_press","spider_record":{"axiom_subtype":"news.vendor_press.v1","category":"news","decision_hint":"POSITIVE","envelope_target":"AX.OBS","fingerprint":"878bd7d5af5e92eb68cb2f42563610eb81c99fe7084572515f8f265275b3433a","observed_at":"2026-05-20T04:43:44.562035Z","parent_run_hash":"5f904c2c2fecb6b44f2adce8bdc9de914b9a39f7c4fdd7bf086a6c2361a30f8c","published":"Wed, 20 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400","runtime_version":"0.1.0","schema":"spider.news.vendor_press.v1","source_status":200,"source_url":"https://export.arxiv.org/rss/cs.AI","spider":"vendor_press","summary_excerpt":"arXiv:2509.23108v2 Announce Type: replace \nAbstract: Can visual imagery be driven solely by language? This idea goes against cognitive science's traditional view that visual mental imagery is only possible through pictorial representations. Large Language Models (LLMs) provide nascent evidence not only that visual mental imagery via propositional-representations is possible, but that it can be more robust than human imagination. We created dozens of novel items for an extension to a classic task which is argued to be solvable exclusively via pictorial representations (i.e., language alone would be insufficient). Subjects were asked to imagine a series of compositional letter and shape transformations and identify the resultant \"image\". We found that the best LLMs performed significantly better than humans ($n = 100$ human participants, $p < .0001$), indicating the existence of an artificial phantasia, or emergent \"visual\" mental imagery that may not be pictorial. Furthermore, we tested","title":"Artificial Phantasia: Emergent Mental Imagery in Large Language Models","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.23108","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"summary":"arXiv:2509.23108v2 Announce Type: replace \nAbstract: Can visual imagery be driven solely by language? This idea goes against cognitive science's traditional view that visual mental imagery is only possible through pictorial representations. Large Language Models (LLMs) provide nascent evidence not only that visual mental imagery via propositional-representations is possible, but that it can be more robust than human imagination. We created dozens of novel items for an extension to a classic task which is argued to be solvable exclusively via pictorial representations (i.e., language alone would be insufficient). Subjects were asked to imagine a series of compositional letter and shape transformations and identify the resultant \"image\". We found that the best LLMs performed significantly better than humans ($n = 100$ human participants, $p < .0001$), indicating the existence of an artificial phantasia, or emergent \"visual\" mental imagery that may not be pictorial. Furthermore, we tested","title":"Artificial Phantasia: Emergent Mental Imagery in Large Language Models","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"confidence":{"method":"deterministic"},"decision":"POSITIVE","issued_at":"2026-05-20T04:43:44Z","notes":"Spider vendor_press (news) news.vendor_press.v1","object":{"captured_by":"crovia.spider.vendor_press","primary_source_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.23108"},"predecessors":[],"schema":"crovia.axiom.v1","signature":"ed25519:6ce15da5a5e946237ec677d776c5529b3fae9245bd59f9ab4e2c542b6ecc16776ac28dd7a2de1a6d4af28965f9d6c65c64d08014e82367a67fc99ad980743300","signer":"crovia.substrate","subject":{"observed_at":"2026-05-20T04:43:44Z","source_collector":"spider:vendor_press","target_id":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.23108"},"tsa":{"authority":"crovia.substrate.bootstrap","rfc3161_token":"{\"kind\":\"crovia.bootstrap.tsa\",\"source_jsonl\":\"/opt/crovia/spider/data/news/vendor_press_v1.jsonl\",\"source_seal_merkle_root\":\"spider_vendor_press_v1\",\"upgrade_path\":\"Sessione H \\u2014 OpenTimestamps weekly anchor\"}"},"zk_mode":"clear","zk_proof":null},"ledger":{"leaf_hash":"e8ab91f92dac359cbda7ca5b5541d0b2ddb49f185c449d497120dd95adb8db0f","leaf_index":145210,"ledger_path":"/opt/crovia/substrate/axiom_ledger.jsonl"},"merkle_proof":{"hash_alg":"sha256","leaf_prefix":"0x00","node_prefix":"0x01","odd_leaf_rule":"duplicate_last","path":[{"sibling":"a86cb73ac3e7b3743ffc5a0aae197541141e8715ef2a33269768a4e8bcd09237","side":"right"},{"sibling":"db61e9e0bfe879358985b7895714b9f0f5e994b2f11f6273a5faf019630d1e62","side":"left"},{"sibling":"c1090467a93429c347e418c3ce0b979123098fe29e9624b804e8bde27031eef8","side":"right"},{"sibling":"a85602ed9d438f2e41eeb058c3bd12b6f955ab85b27528b54a1f87bc23e49323","side":"left"},{"sibling":"6aef9752a361af99694c687793ea160774cbe47e01c7d685e351dd7d8a929176","side":"left"},{"sibling":"c317c2a6056894749be42405fa1830e73e03e187230c1f4ddb7d8e32279cc63a","side":"left"},{"sibling":"d77ffc4da30d9a4e8a195ba75c70a311b679833ea9892b2b0316f75590747950","side":"right"},{"sibling":"79fb6d27e8a49dd15a97fca96f52d62ff5ee7213d44a5526459d33f42a050928","side":"right"},{"sibling":"f073aa7be27ee7e1d9eb0de5f129f7e9bae0c584fb959378c395b65831dc1d1d","side":"left"},{"sibling":"1526885f19d1fadf6955cf519dbc4e62d593a4bba99d741e8c301740a7068233","side":"left"},{"sibling":"e3a7d5c07f161682d61bd453ffc02ecdf87cfeda70f986d6650017f9d2d6b265","side":"left"},{"sibling":"edbc49f08e5b92291934c05c9e6efd270a6b0698d8d2fa474006366027dfe098","side":"right"},{"sibling":"3e4df6e7457cecbf36f350375e72dcab336a3984422e4c406ef809e4e2944e96","side":"left"},{"sibling":"8f4c0fbe56b6c010fbb8c782ebcd478079bb3f991d8704e2534209a075d9163c","side":"left"},{"sibling":"be08fedc4e72a6fb56606f66812fae7317e09690b9acb18385f4ab117a981238","side":"right"},{"sibling":"0534329a7475dc9df51998c83c16892126679dade0fa34182f21e869599386c7","side":"right"},{"sibling":"2d24720928ead0e7670650eb55f558c4f20e4c18df376f47ba72cfa8cf0ed344","side":"right"},{"sibling":"d841ad93efda0869e5eb97678f348f03f5caab4353e05ff4bf18f47fb945b822","side":"left"}]},"schema":"crovia.axiom_proof.v1","seal":{"first_collector_run_id":"","first_receipt_hash":"","jsonl_path":"/opt/crovia/substrate/axiom_ledger.jsonl","key_id":"430895f101d38164","last_collector_run_id":"","last_receipt_hash":"","leaf_count":147301,"merkle_root":"08903d7159c3b38eeeeafc09eab15139ea417f1d94f02f1fbc87296b37db840a","public_key_hex":"cf742e26f75669dc673cb5c0786a1ae23ae8ca19c347317192ce40c28a7ff25c","run_id":"hourly_json_retrofit_20260521T183701Z","schema":"crovia.seal.v1","seal_family_version":"crovia-seal-family/1","seal_kind":"substrate_batch","sealed_at":"2026-05-21T18:37:33Z","sig_algorithm":"ed25519","signature":"905f2924632dfa2970c8690285f5b5d4a1d891d0e0ef1cbc404ebec2fd937215ac768e16f0a9f28b18977a55ae0bfd226db6833ae7ef588729054117d2da7303","signer_version":"1.1.0"},"trust_root":{"key_id":"430895f101d38164","public_key_hex":"cf742e26f75669dc673cb5c0786a1ae23ae8ca19c347317192ce40c28a7ff25c","signature_algorithm":"ed25519","url":"/registry/canon/TRUST_ROOT.md"},"verifier":{"spec":"/registry/canon/AXIOM_RECEIPT_v1.md","url":"/v/axm_97cfeb11e53fa5199048c4fb7b97ac42fa780097ad0b595979a6b08c66b8291d"}}