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One important step towards this goal is to create systems that can induce rich representations of data that are seen in-context, and then flexibly deploy these representations to accomplish goals. Recently, Park et al. (2024) demonstrated that current LLMs are indeed capable of inducing such representation from context (i.e., in-context representation learning). The present study investigates whether LLMs can use these representations to complete simple downstream tasks.\n  We first assess whether open-weights LLMs can use in-context representations for next-token prediction, and then probe models using a novel task, adaptive world modeling.","title":"Language Models Struggle to Use Representations Learned In-Context","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.04212","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"summary":"arXiv:2602.04212v2 Announce Type: replace-cross \nAbstract: Though large language models (LLMs) have enabled great success across a wide variety of tasks, they still appear to fall short of one of the loftier goals of artificial intelligence research: creating an artificial system that can adapt its behavior to radically new contexts upon deployment. One important step towards this goal is to create systems that can induce rich representations of data that are seen in-context, and then flexibly deploy these representations to accomplish goals. Recently, Park et al. (2024) demonstrated that current LLMs are indeed capable of inducing such representation from context (i.e., in-context representation learning). The present study investigates whether LLMs can use these representations to complete simple downstream tasks.\n  We first assess whether open-weights LLMs can use in-context representations for next-token prediction, and then probe models using a novel task, adaptive world modeling.","title":"Language Models Struggle to Use Representations Learned In-Context","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"confidence":{"method":"deterministic"},"decision":"POSITIVE","issued_at":"2026-05-05T04:43:28Z","notes":"Spider vendor_press (news) news.vendor_press.v1","object":{"captured_by":"crovia.spider.vendor_press","primary_source_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.04212"},"predecessors":[],"schema":"crovia.axiom.v1","signature":"ed25519:4b6ec3797f0e562c0f169553295bc3fa76c018ea5cc5efbbf466e8854501bd5b13fd437a129892d3b4c9f5472633c38c51dae6c224f8c86152e9e02f3a39ee0d","signer":"crovia.substrate","subject":{"observed_at":"2026-05-05T04:43:28Z","source_collector":"spider:vendor_press","target_id":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.04212"},"tsa":{"authority":"crovia.substrate.bootstrap","rfc3161_token":"{\"kind\":\"crovia.bootstrap.tsa\",\"source_jsonl\":\"/opt/crovia/spider/data/news/vendor_press_v1.jsonl\",\"source_seal_merkle_root\":\"spider_vendor_press_v1\",\"upgrade_path\":\"Sessione H \\u2014 OpenTimestamps weekly anchor\"}"},"zk_mode":"clear","zk_proof":null},"ledger":{"leaf_hash":"98adc1c4dc23d131ee3e34052a2e455f82ba18315f60d4936bb3a786dc041a22","leaf_index":114407,"ledger_path":"/opt/crovia/substrate/axiom_ledger.jsonl"},"merkle_proof":{"hash_alg":"sha256","leaf_prefix":"0x00","node_prefix":"0x01","odd_leaf_rule":"duplicate_last","path":[{"sibling":"f23bbbfdc922bb55289121e95a4f46d2f8ac635265cf71f59e7da84f1a106476","side":"left"},{"sibling":"dc707fadd9ce2dae500e471580701d03ddc76467bbd6511b8e28e64630db92ee","side":"left"},{"sibling":"2b27552cf66c065f320e51bfb5602a27d2e07a9af4581dd85390528134d1f969","side":"left"},{"sibling":"b9febba080b5f4068628d82f0c6182b1aef49160bca56665eb4a46747acb3a68","side":"right"},{"sibling":"70d1c32a5f858a3136dc4fed58f7bed5f8ee5655b25e0f872a99406b72b6b937","side":"right"},{"sibling":"76ca857032e80223464507d4e4d699335231dfac08306090611247cd348dcd5e","side":"left"},{"sibling":"09baec6a3cd208edc886e1e59244148ab5e614e7798020eac80e734e49cc4698","side":"left"},{"sibling":"cbcf8d239488334c83b4e4700b65758e992d56d579302bc08e5c2df1fa69ea5a","side":"left"},{"sibling":"17e21f83c86c2a86dddad911d22393ee81f41d8e0b79ef8c0c48668ea846f2ca","side":"right"},{"sibling":"8df6c69f776fbba620634f6baf125eeaa6fdf9426e461e649028010d9a703f42","side":"left"},{"sibling":"ea40d1bd0432ad4dd90f023c692aaab8c8f54e27ce652e82f2ec8e16cacfb632","side":"left"},{"sibling":"673cd6d27b696232f7f65e7a0733c7df6bc9fac3bcb569907ebb0de1c72c4bb2","side":"left"},{"sibling":"76d7c4385d71ae8104107105be66eddb792e01ed6e493db5a9b4eec5441abb76","side":"left"},{"sibling":"b03f005860bf95148ea89c703a32ca19ab7a2ca71b58bb628ff94a9edb8703b0","side":"left"},{"sibling":"21d1e30b556f553dc939fddc23e6367f0a7755ebe3dd489dc0001cef017beb7f","side":"right"},{"sibling":"f2817ab288b5324fe49770372c7a10f33f7cd11005f8d4c0a730316f5229dc98","side":"left"},{"sibling":"725fac972e772ca0dc598810ea1abc70df472f72d2d6ab8a0baee2b80e5d2f4c","side":"left"},{"sibling":"98fc57dfef8873b512edc8340f7181df57302bb96777625e072235c62d7c5895","side":"right"}]},"schema":"crovia.axiom_proof.v1","seal":{"first_collector_run_id":"","first_receipt_hash":"","jsonl_path":"/opt/crovia/substrate/axiom_ledger.jsonl","key_id":"430895f101d38164","last_collector_run_id":"","last_receipt_hash":"","leaf_count":134292,"merkle_root":"77fc9c28fae777b81da5b495b3115474df6592dfac590333213d3bdf8b94a9b3","public_key_hex":"cf742e26f75669dc673cb5c0786a1ae23ae8ca19c347317192ce40c28a7ff25c","run_id":"hourly_json_retrofit_20260515T023701Z","schema":"crovia.seal.v1","seal_family_version":"crovia-seal-family/1","seal_kind":"substrate_batch","sealed_at":"2026-05-15T02:37:25Z","sig_algorithm":"ed25519","signature":"68107a834b00b24f5d4501e5ec727445311f132a486567ecc4c72a4e6dff24c8c21f2de3105293353ba5fdbe370d032819af6aa70f694e2e39b6af6737507009","signer_version":"1.1.0"},"trust_root":{"key_id":"430895f101d38164","public_key_hex":"cf742e26f75669dc673cb5c0786a1ae23ae8ca19c347317192ce40c28a7ff25c","signature_algorithm":"ed25519","url":"/registry/canon/TRUST_ROOT.md"},"verifier":{"spec":"/registry/canon/AXIOM_RECEIPT_v1.md","url":"/v/axm_9f17512f231c37370268d697728bb6a9c3865b0e4d212edea3ccd8413d85b2fd"}}