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However, the standard Bradley-Terry instantiation of DPO is limited in modeling common departures from transitivity in human preferences. To address this, recent work has introduced Self-Play Preference Optimization (SPPO), which iteratively refines the policy by training on self-generated win-lose pairs. Our investigation, however, reveals a critical instability in SPPO: the optimization is prone to policy degeneration when the preference oracle assigns overly confident wins to semantically indistinguishable responses. To mitigate this, we propose S-SPPO, a dual-space semantic calibration framework comprising: i) Supervision Calibration via semantic gating, which anneals win rate targets toward the maximum-entropy baseline as semantic overlap increases; and ii) Representation Calibration via latent repulsion to enfo","title":"S-SPPO: Semantic-Calibrated Self-Play Preference Optimization","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.01561","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"summary":"arXiv:2606.01561v1 Announce Type: new \nAbstract: Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences is often formulated via Direct Preference Optimization (DPO). However, the standard Bradley-Terry instantiation of DPO is limited in modeling common departures from transitivity in human preferences. To address this, recent work has introduced Self-Play Preference Optimization (SPPO), which iteratively refines the policy by training on self-generated win-lose pairs. Our investigation, however, reveals a critical instability in SPPO: the optimization is prone to policy degeneration when the preference oracle assigns overly confident wins to semantically indistinguishable responses. To mitigate this, we propose S-SPPO, a dual-space semantic calibration framework comprising: i) Supervision Calibration via semantic gating, which anneals win rate targets toward the maximum-entropy baseline as semantic overlap increases; and ii) Representation Calibration via latent repulsion to enfo","title":"S-SPPO: Semantic-Calibrated Self-Play Preference Optimization","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"confidence":{"method":"deterministic"},"decision":"POSITIVE","issued_at":"2026-06-02T04:43:38Z","notes":"Spider vendor_press (news) news.vendor_press.v1","object":{"captured_by":"crovia.spider.vendor_press","primary_source_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.01561"},"predecessors":[],"schema":"crovia.axiom.v1","signature":"ed25519:bee508a55d4130d1193eddffc86448e487f2e50f4ab23d8a76c7ab4f705a707f8fbe05d421a4b45acffa2f0448c8603b728ba7f7aad2e4209941eceb9f5a3407","signer":"crovia.substrate","subject":{"observed_at":"2026-06-02T04:43:38Z","source_collector":"spider:vendor_press","target_id":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.01561"},"tsa":{"authority":"crovia.substrate.bootstrap","rfc3161_token":"{\"kind\":\"crovia.bootstrap.tsa\",\"source_jsonl\":\"/opt/crovia/spider/data/news/vendor_press_v1.jsonl\",\"source_seal_merkle_root\":\"spider_vendor_press_v1\",\"upgrade_path\":\"Sessione H \\u2014 OpenTimestamps weekly anchor\"}"},"zk_mode":"clear","zk_proof":null},"ledger":{"leaf_hash":"ca795b257b070a61a2c3292f7cf92a9aa9b5ab568c6ac39ac0986f804c8e6b93","leaf_index":205268,"ledger_path":"/opt/crovia/substrate/axiom_ledger.jsonl"},"merkle_proof":{"hash_alg":"sha256","leaf_prefix":"0x00","node_prefix":"0x01","odd_leaf_rule":"duplicate_last","path":[{"sibling":"508cc717e7d507d2449719b72784c42f1b9ed86a9658acf9f7b55d43a194b709","side":"right"},{"sibling":"79355162eaee65b14d28826cae5e2777966832961356e5fcdb085e0cd40994a7","side":"right"},{"sibling":"43a5f74d0af8deee86715c72fe73148b655f3422a37f6a329cc47d2a5204fbf1","side":"left"},{"sibling":"00a49b940e3d346e762f8b78454b2703008677bdc3d3a69ebf1f3c1461a41537","side":"right"},{"sibling":"218022799fce04f8846eb37ffd27d96b3d1a307fcd0f6dc505d1f28e6f187b91","side":"left"},{"sibling":"a3ebb4a957dd61f983d05bf5292cb0950e18a3c7b751f41965168e814261e275","side":"right"},{"sibling":"09faabc6eb084c1a3194a3270e209c2e05c1c91adfaf601ce9892ebd8096ea74","side":"left"},{"sibling":"d610901cb65aa4d03839583811946eca8c0da378d2eaae1c73d15f7314c9374b","side":"left"},{"sibling":"3fed4154aebacb68ca58546a945dace8a8d7d2176af23d8fb700f153f2df448f","side":"left"},{"sibling":"30520dbc0b3dbdd0b4502a5ecc782d8aa02c8659f12dfb9b79fd55de5c05a0c5","side":"right"},{"sibling":"a82575bfb494af7afcc13aaae718afa6f74030f09d71b02819ea25efd4186fc4","side":"right"},{"sibling":"e6adead8216db4cae92f0a036d53baebf30eed95a99c0d10758aa75bb7780f2f","side":"right"},{"sibling":"1acc2b7ff453ffd8c97b80ae4db5358780f0c6796874fd75403791dbe99f8cd7","side":"right"},{"sibling":"24d1bb4b13e0e46131b27b70a48e65fcf4e2e14b95e3bb83ade821e9df530f6b","side":"left"},{"sibling":"5f86f58c28b1a86ae06dfff4666bb9fba8866021a81fd4f1d200aa9af4722dfb","side":"right"},{"sibling":"f6cc6f94f6944ae21390afc65ac9e91dc31f84ee6e060681bba5ae08058294bd","side":"right"},{"sibling":"c300cf0154c136afc09b1702a0be98f4ba5b6dc5cf57e8cc714ec1eaf4196eff","side":"left"},{"sibling":"d841ad93efda0869e5eb97678f348f03f5caab4353e05ff4bf18f47fb945b822","side":"left"}]},"schema":"crovia.axiom_proof.v1","seal":{"first_collector_run_id":"","first_receipt_hash":"","jsonl_path":"/opt/crovia/substrate/axiom_ledger.jsonl","key_id":"430895f101d38164","last_collector_run_id":"","last_receipt_hash":"","leaf_count":206226,"merkle_root":"d2a6d32b13cbf343fb143b21a756d0533864ae6577a376ee84ba867b949207ec","public_key_hex":"cf742e26f75669dc673cb5c0786a1ae23ae8ca19c347317192ce40c28a7ff25c","run_id":"hourly_json_retrofit_20260602T053701Z","schema":"crovia.seal.v1","seal_family_version":"crovia-seal-family/1","seal_kind":"substrate_batch","sealed_at":"2026-06-02T05:37:46Z","sig_algorithm":"ed25519","signature":"abd9956cfb19dd1fb8142c46a220bac2514848c6abb0e79b8b0940206cc3ebb00894d4daaf9f786427f82a7cc12482e7fda79054ebb06bceaa9b4b97e23fb30e","signer_version":"1.1.0"},"trust_root":{"key_id":"430895f101d38164","public_key_hex":"cf742e26f75669dc673cb5c0786a1ae23ae8ca19c347317192ce40c28a7ff25c","signature_algorithm":"ed25519","url":"/registry/canon/TRUST_ROOT.md"},"verifier":{"spec":"/registry/canon/AXIOM_RECEIPT_v1.md","url":"/v/axm_bcbc6bedbdc956566d0030d11926ea7b189ae2cc0ad2522d5407827d7a3d5112"}}