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Even a single transmission time interval (TTI) of delay can reduce CBF-SLNR performance below the uncoordinated baseline, because the precoder suppresses interference toward users that are no longer active. Coordination on stale information is therefore worse than no coordination at all. To address this, we propose a two-stage predictive framework in which a Spectral Temporal Graph Neural Network (StemGNN) predicts future user equipment (UE) scheduling states from delayed historical observations, and the predictions replace stale inputs to the CBF-SLNR precoder. Evaluated on a three-cell massive MIMO downlink with 60 UEs and 64 antennas per base station under Quadriga Urban Micro (UMi) channels and a proportional fair scheduler, StemGNN achieves a mean scheduling predi","title":"Spatio-Temporal Scheduling Prediction Under Backhaul Delay for Resilient Coordinated Beamforming","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.08454","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"summary":"arXiv:2607.08454v1 Announce Type: cross \nAbstract: Coordinated beamforming in distributed 5G networks relies on the timely exchange of inter-cell scheduling information, but backhaul latency makes this information stale. Even a single transmission time interval (TTI) of delay can reduce CBF-SLNR performance below the uncoordinated baseline, because the precoder suppresses interference toward users that are no longer active. Coordination on stale information is therefore worse than no coordination at all. To address this, we propose a two-stage predictive framework in which a Spectral Temporal Graph Neural Network (StemGNN) predicts future user equipment (UE) scheduling states from delayed historical observations, and the predictions replace stale inputs to the CBF-SLNR precoder. Evaluated on a three-cell massive MIMO downlink with 60 UEs and 64 antennas per base station under Quadriga Urban Micro (UMi) channels and a proportional fair scheduler, StemGNN achieves a mean scheduling predi","title":"Spatio-Temporal Scheduling Prediction Under Backhaul Delay for Resilient Coordinated Beamforming","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"confidence":{"method":"deterministic"},"decision":"POSITIVE","issued_at":"2026-07-10T04:43:53Z","notes":"Spider vendor_press (news) news.vendor_press.v1","object":{"captured_by":"crovia.spider.vendor_press","primary_source_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.08454"},"predecessors":[],"schema":"crovia.axiom.v1","signature":"ed25519:cd36d2c0b55cd39957ad8f2af5973c819ee32f9525d011e1cc202d70ef6f1900c3a0d127297fb9b3b636153fcbb7a26226f1d68a46896313925b0a643fc87b0e","signer":"crovia.substrate","subject":{"observed_at":"2026-07-10T04:43:53Z","source_collector":"spider:vendor_press","target_id":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.08454"},"tsa":{"authority":"crovia.substrate.bootstrap","rfc3161_token":"{\"kind\":\"crovia.bootstrap.tsa\",\"source_jsonl\":\"/opt/crovia/spider/data/news/vendor_press_v1.jsonl\",\"source_seal_merkle_root\":\"spider_vendor_press_v1\",\"upgrade_path\":\"Sessione H \\u2014 OpenTimestamps weekly anchor\"}"},"zk_mode":"clear","zk_proof":null},"ledger":{"leaf_hash":"4caf101b17fc85892aeecde5b057664223f809187cbf7489d755ef69b89943f1","leaf_index":299489,"ledger_path":"/opt/crovia/substrate/axiom_ledger.jsonl"},"merkle_proof":{"hash_alg":"sha256","leaf_prefix":"0x00","node_prefix":"0x01","odd_leaf_rule":"duplicate_last","path":[{"sibling":"5a9c1b981af9c49aab1a4d26676ceb0520dbde58b1393cc9c8764306693562db","side":"left"},{"sibling":"f9e5aee581c62d51ba4eecd6bdf93b115cae4e6ab020048de093daf516daf3a1","side":"right"},{"sibling":"5c663b432e8689eadd3d61dbeae3dede4f25c15bf22205ed52a2116a5819a1ea","side":"right"},{"sibling":"1397c6221d30865dea2c72bfe2ad20b0681f40b13be5a3434c4790d3f058bc22","side":"right"},{"sibling":"65927017fdfd7ca0e9c71a80f1bf99a7c312875fbfd928572651f1ccb80904bf","side":"right"},{"sibling":"1e8021b095c74bdab85562264f566a914165bb59331cdb96722f48e8df9f939a","side":"left"},{"sibling":"7a96803ed93140d8d4c0e1fe53c891fc73447ccfce6e55b7c43e7a06979f307a","side":"left"},{"sibling":"b1b72243c904808d4df9b283c65832a729a411520c97fd9d17f891f214971a0a","side":"left"},{"sibling":"2c5ce75ad134aa442d7fbb5dc9968b0f2e48097c2ffaa2111d405de1c4a9c48b","side":"left"},{"sibling":"36a2c507282befad57202dd10278a66d37b402692f195a22d2275b3d1b2488d8","side":"right"},{"sibling":"f80e8d47e0860527b906fc2dba9a52609f7f623f2772479ae922cc019bab36d9","side":"right"},{"sibling":"cae83500ab2c25555aa6b5eaf9232696d15a868d91b34f7531dd955daadf70f7","side":"right"},{"sibling":"64dab64d51bdcb909e2a5e37efb8909d6704ecf824be484b5d2b60ee6e518890","side":"left"},{"sibling":"576f134a23c19a758ae5efd53016092a74b9900e878cf6eb4f3dab6be682b395","side":"right"},{"sibling":"3c65f53d7c3e4feba7c745e8df1327760ffa768eec84336db14d515a31731532","side":"right"},{"sibling":"d8b9143917b539c543cf4448cec00131f8b807bd8004979c54ebe09798748c66","side":"left"},{"sibling":"8728642cdb98496d916cc653f0d919d7eb2e89d0c529927c9e89091074ad584c","side":"right"},{"sibling":"8025674cb002a22ae243ca0c295c18c1d0ee119189ea88e08ac14a3a1468b8e3","side":"right"},{"sibling":"1cecb7f447febd025aac272837c80de218aecc6485d2395a509b2a1f1b9c746e","side":"left"}]},"schema":"crovia.axiom_proof.v1","seal":{"first_collector_run_id":"","first_receipt_hash":"","jsonl_path":"/opt/crovia/substrate/axiom_ledger.jsonl","key_id":"430895f101d38164","last_collector_run_id":"","last_receipt_hash":"","leaf_count":299721,"merkle_root":"f7115d63193d3285ca28cb9f741ecea2513f9b3e492e785f97076f3cf8f9bb98","public_key_hex":"cf742e26f75669dc673cb5c0786a1ae23ae8ca19c347317192ce40c28a7ff25c","run_id":"hourly_json_retrofit_20260710T053701Z","schema":"crovia.seal.v1","seal_family_version":"crovia-seal-family/1","seal_kind":"substrate_batch","sealed_at":"2026-07-10T05:38:19Z","sig_algorithm":"ed25519","signature":"4eeedeb744885bff6523d66b1cb86bde62b36917696367addfd980d90b31011daece2e01b20608e4c0870ec31dd0bcb57d297447f01f153bf0716ad527142b00","signer_version":"1.1.0"},"trust_root":{"key_id":"430895f101d38164","public_key_hex":"cf742e26f75669dc673cb5c0786a1ae23ae8ca19c347317192ce40c28a7ff25c","signature_algorithm":"ed25519","url":"/registry/canon/TRUST_ROOT.md"},"verifier":{"spec":"/registry/canon/AXIOM_RECEIPT_v1.md","url":"/v/axm_c569fa04cba30bfc03c7dceb782bbb97f9d8d622ea8206e5d77ba39a987d7b93"}}