{"_canonicalization":{"envelope_id":"axm_ + sha256(envelope minus {signature, axiom_id, anchors})","envelope_signature":"ed25519(envelope minus {signature, axiom_id})","json":"sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False, allow_nan=False, utf-8","leaf_hash":"sha256(0x00 || canonical_json(envelope_full))","seal_signature":"ed25519(seal minus {signature, sig_algorithm})"},"axiom_id":"axm_cda3f3c45ba38b3596ddd380ab4d39a3c2d1ead81b5975f88a79ed78db536c84","bitcoin_anchor":{"bitcoin_attestations":[],"calendar_attestations":[],"ots_url":"","stamped_at":"","status":"pending_next_stamp"},"envelope":{"anchors":[{"chain":"crovia.axiom_graph","height":0,"merkle_proof":"spider_vendor_press_v1","root_at_anchor":"spider_vendor_press_v1"}],"axiom_id":"axm_cda3f3c45ba38b3596ddd380ab4d39a3c2d1ead81b5975f88a79ed78db536c84","axiom_type":"AX.OBS","body":{"axiom_subtype":"news.vendor_press.v1","category":"news","fingerprint":"bb5dc969df7b4cdb6c07ae7a17fcae2b07440d9c89e7f24d7d03474fd5fb17df","published":"Thu, 18 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400","receipt_hash":"bb5dc969df7b4cdb6c07ae7a17fcae2b07440d9c89e7f24d7d03474fd5fb17df","schema":"spider.news.vendor_press.v1","spider":"vendor_press","spider_record":{"axiom_subtype":"news.vendor_press.v1","category":"news","decision_hint":"POSITIVE","envelope_target":"AX.OBS","fingerprint":"bb5dc969df7b4cdb6c07ae7a17fcae2b07440d9c89e7f24d7d03474fd5fb17df","observed_at":"2026-06-18T04:43:37.219665Z","parent_run_hash":"de79a40f7b3537d88842f7ac355e799c5df2adcb4fc32a4e28096d4bbdf01739","published":"Thu, 18 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400","runtime_version":"0.1.0","schema":"spider.news.vendor_press.v1","source_status":200,"source_url":"https://export.arxiv.org/rss/cs.AI","spider":"vendor_press","summary_excerpt":"arXiv:2606.18986v1 Announce Type: cross \nAbstract: Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have given rise to time-series question answering (TSQA), which formulates time-series analysis as natural-language question answering. However, directly feeding raw numerical series into LLMs suffers from a tokenization bottleneck: Byte Pair Encoding fragments continuous values into unstable tokens whose embeddings lack meaningful metric structure, resulting in the loss of magnitude, scale, and trend information. Prior methods use patch-based encoders that split the series into fixed windows, locking in one granularity that breaks patterns and hides exact timesteps, through a separate module that rarely transfers across datasets with different lengths or sampling rates. To address this challenge, we propose CADE (Contrastive Alignment with Direct Embedding), a novel framework for TSQA built upon two key components: direct timestep embedding and semantic alignment. The proposed framework ","title":"Beyond Tokenization: Direct Timestep Embedding and Contrastive Alignment for Time-Series Question Answering","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.18986","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"summary":"arXiv:2606.18986v1 Announce Type: cross \nAbstract: Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have given rise to time-series question answering (TSQA), which formulates time-series analysis as natural-language question answering. However, directly feeding raw numerical series into LLMs suffers from a tokenization bottleneck: Byte Pair Encoding fragments continuous values into unstable tokens whose embeddings lack meaningful metric structure, resulting in the loss of magnitude, scale, and trend information. Prior methods use patch-based encoders that split the series into fixed windows, locking in one granularity that breaks patterns and hides exact timesteps, through a separate module that rarely transfers across datasets with different lengths or sampling rates. To address this challenge, we propose CADE (Contrastive Alignment with Direct Embedding), a novel framework for TSQA built upon two key components: direct timestep embedding and semantic alignment. The proposed framework ","title":"Beyond Tokenization: Direct Timestep Embedding and Contrastive Alignment for Time-Series Question Answering","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"confidence":{"method":"deterministic"},"decision":"POSITIVE","issued_at":"2026-06-18T04:43:37Z","notes":"Spider vendor_press (news) news.vendor_press.v1","object":{"captured_by":"crovia.spider.vendor_press","primary_source_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.18986"},"predecessors":[],"schema":"crovia.axiom.v1","signature":"ed25519:2bfaea78fa0ab062924079141a50dc4fcb5c6b789996f6a0f86f1672e76397188a8134cc262449d6d16f8c600ffb4614fc545fc9364549c4093ab7366309ee0b","signer":"crovia.substrate","subject":{"observed_at":"2026-06-18T04:43:37Z","source_collector":"spider:vendor_press","target_id":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.18986"},"tsa":{"authority":"crovia.substrate.bootstrap","rfc3161_token":"{\"kind\":\"crovia.bootstrap.tsa\",\"source_jsonl\":\"/opt/crovia/spider/data/news/vendor_press_v1.jsonl\",\"source_seal_merkle_root\":\"spider_vendor_press_v1\",\"upgrade_path\":\"Sessione H \\u2014 OpenTimestamps weekly anchor\"}"},"zk_mode":"clear","zk_proof":null},"ledger":{"leaf_hash":"378fd90d6ae653c957e5676bc32ec153967ecacb3c4f175821dee7d63449f856","leaf_index":233392,"ledger_path":"/opt/crovia/substrate/axiom_ledger.jsonl"},"merkle_proof":{"hash_alg":"sha256","leaf_prefix":"0x00","node_prefix":"0x01","odd_leaf_rule":"duplicate_last","path":[{"sibling":"73595aacaf51fcdc84969a98614a73092bdcf5e53045836e4d57f138bd5bd253","side":"right"},{"sibling":"c8b6f0047ed3fbae0ac57b26934047496ea606f861f14869f77b6b59ad305db4","side":"right"},{"sibling":"45e9803298ca452b41e366529efe3986f3d7817247f96b3a0e9286df470d7b9a","side":"right"},{"sibling":"926f794fa9c9996bf3b95d896b0c408e956e057f32f3edaaa939fea6e88843ad","side":"right"},{"sibling":"fe041ecde66bec11f8aea234aeda27bf15a089c02c13df86d0deb7c258192426","side":"left"},{"sibling":"be5a4317ba9d0ec5e9c75c717e0ee14102f5eca738960ce1468000034c65b908","side":"left"},{"sibling":"b3421717a3204821688656ab8d5c36686e7f6c789fdda23381e8f3515d1ce8da","side":"right"},{"sibling":"b4c26795680b2096400acbdc34159290b2a0589778819fc7e052c7a60bb5c873","side":"left"},{"sibling":"429c2a92a65e6eeaa2eda0a35fdb9e541472a1eace4c69a4d01a618a659a110f","side":"left"},{"sibling":"d97d1ebe04af6ea572f9d4334004d01026acffa3da5be2883c7566513c76e2c0","side":"left"},{"sibling":"571eb56e7ce00fe1f38d0ac4fc56828d01b2cfc1ab9089cde245c0656bee0514","side":"left"},{"sibling":"7ac50038a8ced3aeaf1194a2407a4a09346b0e4399da36ecde4390675a0c4bf1","side":"left"},{"sibling":"8c5e2b48dc31ef0edcd35c3db048235aa78cc48443aa2a8da3aa6e9b5524d2c4","side":"right"},{"sibling":"e616c34dbaf9456d5a6d3e2da82cde8621293c9f6d8a4cf9e441d7fd9cc81579","side":"right"},{"sibling":"94c0c932e61657f5e37fdba43f6ca9eddea8359425a7c1558dabe566911d5304","side":"right"},{"sibling":"a04392fb9f2a3a620840e3b3fecd93d12e6d224e481c162389d8ae64e7194599","side":"left"},{"sibling":"c300cf0154c136afc09b1702a0be98f4ba5b6dc5cf57e8cc714ec1eaf4196eff","side":"left"},{"sibling":"d841ad93efda0869e5eb97678f348f03f5caab4353e05ff4bf18f47fb945b822","side":"left"}]},"schema":"crovia.axiom_proof.v1","seal":{"first_collector_run_id":"","first_receipt_hash":"","jsonl_path":"/opt/crovia/substrate/axiom_ledger.jsonl","key_id":"430895f101d38164","last_collector_run_id":"","last_receipt_hash":"","leaf_count":234491,"merkle_root":"02576a6980e38bab47864ae2c57b5a5ff21e554e9bdf8f64bdf28155ff1aabec","public_key_hex":"cf742e26f75669dc673cb5c0786a1ae23ae8ca19c347317192ce40c28a7ff25c","run_id":"hourly_json_retrofit_20260618T143732Z","schema":"crovia.seal.v1","seal_family_version":"crovia-seal-family/1","seal_kind":"substrate_batch","sealed_at":"2026-06-18T18:33:39Z","sig_algorithm":"ed25519","signature":"b6c708778fc38b7789a2b91156cfe87252a7cd3a1d29121cba11a0c78f8cf104ca3019fc50a962fa5a216bcc4922fc8f3f69c04d1f8332c6dc0d931e1012e502","signer_version":"1.1.0"},"trust_root":{"key_id":"430895f101d38164","public_key_hex":"cf742e26f75669dc673cb5c0786a1ae23ae8ca19c347317192ce40c28a7ff25c","signature_algorithm":"ed25519","url":"/registry/canon/TRUST_ROOT.md"},"verifier":{"spec":"/registry/canon/AXIOM_RECEIPT_v1.md","url":"/v/axm_cda3f3c45ba38b3596ddd380ab4d39a3c2d1ead81b5975f88a79ed78db536c84"}}