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Given the massive integration of AI technologies into our daily lives, AI-related concepts are being used to compare AI systems with human behaviour, brain functions, and cognitive abilities like language acquisition. But scientists and philosophers are also increasingly tempted to take the AI-framing of the human conceptual domain as a literal one. This paper investigates the epistemic and practical success of these 'AI-framings': What does it mean to apply the conceptual constellation of AI to the human conceptual domain? We consider and compare two possible answers: either these examples are conceptual metaphors, or they are attempts at conceptual engineering. Firstly, we argue that when viewed as conceptual metaphors, the AI-framed descriptions risk committing the ''map-territory fallacy''. Secondly, we arg","title":"Artificial Intelligence, conceptual metaphors and conceptual engineering: Are AI-based framings of human behaviour and cognition successful?","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.07756","vendor":"arxiv_cs_ai"},"summary":"arXiv:2504.07756v2 Announce Type: replace \nAbstract: Understanding human behaviour, neuroscience and psychology using concepts from the domain of AI is increasing in popularity. Given the massive integration of AI technologies into our daily lives, AI-related concepts are being used to compare AI systems with human behaviour, brain functions, and cognitive abilities like language acquisition. But scientists and philosophers are also increasingly tempted to take the AI-framing of the human conceptual domain as a literal one. This paper investigates the epistemic and practical success of these 'AI-framings': What does it mean to apply the conceptual constellation of AI to the human conceptual domain? We consider and compare two possible answers: either these examples are conceptual metaphors, or they are attempts at conceptual engineering. Firstly, we argue that when viewed as conceptual metaphors, the AI-framed descriptions risk committing the ''map-territory fallacy''. 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